The testicles are a paired organ located in the skin sac and isolated from each other. Produces sperm and testosterone. In addition, it produces sperm. Thus, the testicles are the reproductive organ of every man.
Each egg is covered with a shell and, as a rule, one is smaller than the other. Their slight asymmetry is not a pathology, rather it is a frequent phenomenon.
They descend into the scrotum shortly before birth. Their shape resembles a lack of length up to 5 cm and width up to 3. 5. The average weight of a testicle is from 15 to 25 g. It has been proven that their volume directly depends on the place of residence and the breed. The scrotum protects the testicles from injury and extreme temperatures. Her skin is very sensitive, as is the organ as a whole. Therefore, even slight pain in the testicles affects the state of the whole organism: mild nausea, nervousness, dizziness, etc.
There are times when the question arises why a man's balls hurt, the causes of this symptom can be different. Pain can have a different character: aching, pulling, throbbing, shooting. And most of the time a man can't tell what the reason was. Unpleasant and painful sensations should not be ignored under any circumstances.
You need to make an appointment urgently. The urologist deals with identifying the causes that cause certain types of pain. The doctor will examine and feel the testicles to determine if there are inflammatory diseases: the presence of swelling, seals inside, signs of pain. If necessary, a full examination will be carried out.
Symptoms that indicate testicular problems:
- the presence of seals or small volume.
- pain on palpation or change in shape and size.
- the presence of pain not caused by injury;
- pain that lasts more than an hour after testicular injury.
- the presence of a drawn-out, intensifying pain.
- increased temperature.
Next, we will take a closer look at why a man's balls hurt - the reasons that cause pain.
Damage. When the cause of pain is an injury received as a result of mechanical impact. Its duration and strength is directly proportional to the severity of the impact. A small bruise causes sharp, short-term pain.
Severe pain from a serious injury can cause shock or lead to loss of consciousness. If discomfort occurs in the testicles, pay attention to the type of pain. If it does not subside for a long time and intensifies, then we can assume the existence of a chronic injury. Cuts and stab wounds are particularly dangerous. In this case an ambulance is needed, otherwise there is a high possibility of losing the testicle.
Twist. It is still not clear why this happens, but the consequences of such a phenomenon are so serious that they can cause the death of the testicle. With torsion, sharp pain occurs suddenly.
Blood circulation stops and the spermatic cord is compressed. In this case, you should consult a doctor immediately, no later than 7 hours later. As a rule, manual deformation is carried out first. If this does not help, then they resort to surgery. Most often, this phenomenon appears at a young age.
Inflammation. It can be both in the epididymis (epididymitis) and inside the testicle itself (orchitis). The cause of these diseases are viral and bacterial infections transmitted during sexual intercourse.
Epididymitis is characterized by pain on one side, which increases, swelling of the scrotum appears, urination is accompanied by pain and burning, a white liquid is released from the urethra, body temperature rises, there may be blood in the semen.
Causes of the disease: prostatitis and urethritis, infection of the urethra, complication of tuberculosis. They can be acute and chronic. The duration of the initial stage lasts up to one and a half months. Inability to conceive will be a result of complications and without treatment.
With a prolonged illness for more than six months, we can talk about chronic epididymitis. It is accompanied by deterioration of general well-being, weakening of the immune system and inflammation passes into the skin sac. With orchitis, there is an increase in the testicles, which causes pain. There is a sudden increase in temperature, pain in the groin and lower back.
The skin sac becomes smooth due to overflowing with blood. Pain increases with walking or exertion. Such a phenomenon can be the result of trauma or contact with a patient (mumps, typhoid, rubella).
Unsatisfied sexual arousal. It also causes pain. Prolonged erection leads to blood stagnation. Most of the time it goes away on its own and does not require any treatment.
Hernia. Penetration of organs from the peritoneum into the sac of the skin through the holes formed in it. Visually it looks like a lump in the groin or scrotum. It causes pain, especially on palpation. When they increase, nausea and vomiting occur. It can be stated that there was a violation of the hernia. If surgery is not performed, necrosis with peritonitis may develop.
You can talk about prostatitis if you have the following symptoms:
- during urination, you feel a strong burning sensation.
- increased efforts to urinate at night;
- constant urge and feeling of fullness of urine.
- the presence of pain during ejaculation.
- the tip of the penis is the source of the pain.
Renal colic. When, as a result of urolithiasis, stones move along the urinary tract. The pain is so strong that it radiates to the scrotum. This often leads to nausea and vomiting.
Varicocele. With this disease, the veins in the skin sac expand, accompanied by the appearance of lumps around the egg and its size increases. It does not pose a risk to a man's health and does not cause much concern during his lifetime. But with complications, it can lead to infertility. It is usually seen on the left (80-98%). This is due to the fact that veins from different sides flow in different ways.
Varicose veins on both sides are observed only in 2-12% of cases, and on the right - 3-8%. The cause of this disease is the poor functioning of the valves located in the vessels. With hard work or sports, as well as in a standing position, this leads to an increase in the vessel. This is how the veins around the spermatic cord swell. Features of the anatomical location of the renal vein and superior artery can also cause such a disease.
Dropsy. In the shell of the testicles, the accumulation of serous fluid occurs.
The result of this can be injuries, heart failure, damage to the lymph nodes in the groin or pelvis.
There is an increase in the skin bag and the appearance of pain. It is diagnosed by simple detection, in special cases it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound. It is removed during surgery.
Spermatocele. An empty sac is formed in the testicle, filled with seminal fluid and does not reach a significant size. The skin bag is not deformed, not accompanied by pain. It can be emptied during ejaculation.
Tumors. Pain in the testicles can cause malignant tumors. Cryptorchidism can cause such a pathology. This disease occurs at birth, when the testicles do not descend into the skin sac, but remain in the abdomen, where the temperature is much higher. As a result, tumors of various etiologies arise.
Factors that cause tumors:
- genetic predisposition?
- testicular injury;
- testicular underdevelopment.
- surgical procedures?
- inability to conceive.
If you have been diagnosed with a malignant tumor, do not despair. Testicular cancer detected at an early stage can be treated quite effectively. Therefore, it is so important to consult a doctor immediately if you feel pain.
Testicles hurt: causes in men, children and diagnostic methods
When the testicles hurt, the causes in men can be caused by various diseases that are characteristic of adults, but in children, the reasons are often somewhat simpler.
Almost all pain that occurs is caused either by trauma or by wearing tight underwear. In addition to pain, there is friction and irritation of the skin surface, and swelling often occurs.
A bruised testicle most often occurs during active play with high mobility or during a child's fight, the child is hit on the scrotum. Bruises also occur when riding a vehicle such as a bicycle (failure to land on a hard seat). Upon impact, pain occurs, the inner shell of the testicle is destroyed and swelling occurs. The scrotum turns purple.
twist around the axis. In a normal healthy state, the testicles are attached to the "outer" side inside the scrotum by so-called strands. In boys, sometimes it happens that the fixation is weak and therefore torsion occurs. By itself, the torsion of the vessels is produced, which is why the blood flow is first disturbed, and then it can stop completely.
There is a sharp sharp pain, the testicle swells, tactile touch leads to pain. This condition is accompanied by nausea and severe vomiting and cannot be treated without surgery. In slightly older boys, the vas deferens, located on both sides of the testicles, may also be damaged.
The testicle swells, one of the sides of the scrotum, redness appears, pain is felt during palpation. Mumps, in ordinary people mumps, in the form of a complication gives inflammation of the testicles. After treatment with a series of hormones, the risk of infertility is significantly reduced. Other diseases - dropsy, hernia in the groin, underdevelopment of the testicles, absence of a testicle in the scrotum. Sometimes new parents think that the child does not have a testicle.
It's absolutely there, it's just not where it should be, ie not in the right place, not in the scrotum. During fetal development, the testicles are located near the kidneys. As the fetus grows and develops, they somewhat descend, and almost before birth, they descend into the scrotum. Sometimes it happens that the testicles do not descend. This phenomenon is referred to as cryptorchidism.
The disease does not cause any discomfort or acute malaise, but a man already in adulthood due to such a disease can have such a terrible disease as infertility. Therefore, an operation is performed (until the child reaches the age of six) - a testicle is lowered into the scrotum.
When the testicle remains inside the abdominal cavity, a neoplasm is likely there. What to do to avoid irreversible consequences. How is the problem treated? What are the ways to solve it if the testicles hurt? The causes in men and children have been identified, now we need to figure out the cure. First, you should contact a highly qualified doctor, and go through a series of diagnostic procedures.
The doctor examines the patient, interrogates and then sends for laboratory tests:
- Donate blood.
- Urine is administered.
- If there is discharge from the glans penis, a urethral smear is performed.
- Mandatory ultrasound examination of the testicles.
The treatment is prescribed by a doctor depending on what is the cause of the pain.
The treatment of minor injuries, as well as bruises, is done at home under the supervision of a doctor, the treatment includes:
- Taking drugs that relieve inflammation, anesthetize.
- The scrotum is elevated.
- Ice is applied to the injury site.
- If the scrotum is torn due to a bruise, then blood accumulates inside and therefore treatment is not possible without early surgery.
Epididymitis. Most often, outpatient treatment is carried out, but if the condition is particularly neglected and difficult, then hospitalization is necessary.
Treatment:
- Reception for 14 days of antibacterial drugs.
- Taking medications that relieve inflammation.
- Taking medication to relieve pain.
- Perform scrotal support.
- In case of complications, there is no way to do without surgery. What complication are we talking about? In particular, for the scrotal abscess.
Inguinal hernia is treated exclusively with surgery.
If the patient agrees, then the treatment is completed on an outpatient basis, but at the same time the strangulating hernia that causes pain in the lower back and abdomen must be surgically corrected.
It does not matter how the cause caused the pain in the testicles and therefore the treatment is carried out according to the prescription and strictly under medical supervision and supervision. You should not get treatment yourself, because the consequences can be irreversible, and a person will lose his normal sex life because of stupidity, as well as the opportunity to become a parent and continue his race. All diseases are preventable.
To do this, do not forget about personal hygiene and follow simple rules:
- lead a healthy lifestyle.
- eat right and balanced, follow the regime.
- be selective in sexual relationships and remember to protect yourself.
- Regular sex life is also a prevention of malignant tumors.
Check your testicles yourself more often. You can do it in the bathroom when the skin is relaxed from the warm water. Take the skin pouch in the palm of your hand, one testicle may be slightly larger, but it should weigh the same. Roll the testicle in your fingers, feel it. Check them for seals. Healthy testicles are elliptical in shape, not hard, smooth to the touch, without lumps.
Do this with both testicles. Carefully inspect the spermatic cords. They should be smooth and elastic. Check them in both testicles. Check the appendages at the back of the testicles. The small bumps should be soft and tender. If the disease has overtaken you yet, do not despair and do not panic. The main thing is to make the correct diagnosis.